How do I size my database connection pool?

PostgreSQL formula: pool_size = Tn x (Cm - 1) + 1, where Tn = thread count, Cm = max query concurrency. Simpler rule: start with 10-20 connections, monitor pool wait time, and increase if p99 wait >1ms.

What happens when connection pool is exhausted?

Requests queue waiting for connections. If queue timeout expires, requests fail with connection timeout errors. This cascades rapidly - connection exhaustion is a common cause of outages.

What is the maximum connections PostgreSQL can handle?

PostgreSQL default max_connections: 100. Each connection uses 5-10MB of memory. Use PgBouncer to multiplex thousands of application connections onto 20-50 backend connections.

Connection Pooling Saturation Point Calculator

Calculate when database connection pools become saturated. Model pool size, request concurrency, query duration, and wait time before connections exceed availability.

AI & SaaS Tools

SaaS Metrics

AI Compute

AI ROI

LTV:CAC Ratio

ARPU ($/month)

Monthly Churn %

CAC ($)

Gross Margin %

LTV

$3500

LTV:CAC

11.67

Payback

2.9 mo

Health

Healthy ✓

Benchmark: LTV:CAC ≥ 3 is healthy. Payback under 12 months is excellent. Under 1 means you lose money on each customer.

How to Use

Enter the values for the scenario you are assessing. Calculate when database connection pools become saturated. Model pool size, request concurrency, query duration, and wait time before connections exceed availability. Use the connection pool saturation result to inform your calculation.

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Connection Pooling Saturation Point Calculator

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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I size my database connection pool?

What happens when connection pool is exhausted?

What is the maximum connections PostgreSQL can handle?