Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (U) Calculator

Compute U from combined conduction and convection: 1/(UA) = 1/(h_1 A) + Σ(L_i/k_i A) + 1/(h_2 A) + R_fouling. Apply LMTD method Q = U × A × LMTD or NTU-effectiveness method.

2D stress state at a point. All stresses in MPa.

σx — Normal Stress X (MPa)
σy — Normal Stress Y (MPa)
τxy — Shear Stress (MPa)
⚙ Mechanical Note: Results are based on standard textbook formulas and ISO/AASHTO references. Always verify critical designs with applicable codes (ISO 898, AASHTO 1993, AISC, Eurocode 3) and a qualified engineer.
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How It Works

Compute U from combined conduction and convection: 1/(UA) = 1/(h_1 A) + Σ(L_i/k_i A) + 1/(h_2 A) + R_fouling. Apply LMTD method Q = U × A × LMTD or NTU-effectiveness method

Each component has a specific meaning:

  • Combined conduction — The combined conduction recorded for the patient or scenario being assessed.
  • Convection: 1/ = 1/ + Σ + 1/ + R_fouling — The convection: 1/ = 1/ + σ + 1/ + r_fouling recorded for the patient or scenario being assessed.

Note: Interpret the overall heat transfer u result against the clinical thresholds and context described above.

How to Use

Enter the combined conduction, convection: 1/ = 1/ + Σ + 1/ + R_fouling for the patient or scenario you are assessing. Compute U from combined conduction and convection: 1/(UA) = 1/(h_1 A) + Σ(L_i/k_i A) + 1/(h_2 A) + R_fouling. Apply LMTD method Q = U × A × LMTD or NTU-effectiveness method. Use the overall heat transfer u result to inform your clinical assessment.

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Frequently Asked Questions