When are estimated tax payments due?

Q1: April 15; Q2: June 17; Q3: September 16; Q4: January 15. Note Q2 covers only 2 months (April 1 to June 1) while Q4 covers 3.5 months.

What is the safe harbor rule?

No underpayment penalty if you pay either 100% of prior year tax (110% if prior year AGI exceeded $150,000) or 90% of current year tax. Prior year safe harbor is easiest to calculate.

What is the underpayment penalty rate?

Penalty equals the federal short-term rate plus 3% (currently around 8% annualized) applied to the underpaid amount for the number of days underpaid. Applies to each quarter separately.

Can I apply my refund to estimated taxes?

Yes. You can designate part or all of your tax refund to next year estimated taxes on your return. This satisfies Q1 estimated tax without a separate payment.

How do I calculate each quarterly payment?

Divide annual expected tax by 4 for even quarterly payments. Alternatively, use the annualized income installment method if income is uneven, which can reduce total estimated payments required.

US Estimated Tax Payments Calculator (Form 1040-ES)

Calculate quarterly estimated tax payments to avoid underpayment penalty. Safe harbors: 100% of prior year tax (110% if AGI > $150,000) or 90% of current year tax. Q1-Q4 due dates.

Use the full interactive calculator below, or

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US Estimated Tax Payments Calculator (Form 1040-ES)

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Frequently Asked Questions

When are estimated tax payments due?

What is the safe harbor rule?

What is the underpayment penalty rate?

Can I apply my refund to estimated taxes?

How do I calculate each quarterly payment?