What are the characteristic phases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis?

The illness progresses through a prodromal phase (fever, headache), a psychiatric phase (psychosis, behavioral changes), an unresponsive phase (decreased consciousness, autonomic instability), and a hyperkinetic phase (orofacial dyskinesias, abnormal movements).

When should ICU escalation be considered in anti-NMDAR encephalitis?

Autonomic instability, hypoventilation, status epilepticus, or prolonged unresponsiveness warrant ICU admission. Second-line immunotherapy (rituximab, cyclophosphamide) is started if first-line agents (IVIG, steroids, plasmapheresis) fail within 2 weeks.

Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis Severity Score

Score disease severity in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis across psychiatric, movement, autonomic, and consciousness domains to guide treatment intensity.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the characteristic phases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis?

When should ICU escalation be considered in anti-NMDAR encephalitis?