What are the four CAM-ICU features?

Feature 1: Acute onset/fluctuating mental status; Feature 2: Inattention (letters or pictures test); Feature 3: Altered level of consciousness (RASS ≡0); Feature 4: Disorganized thinking (yes/no + command); CAM-ICU positive if Features 1+2 and either 3 or 4.

How is inattention tested in CAM-ICU?

Letters test: read 10 letters (SAVEAHAART), patient squeezes hand on letter A; >2 errors = inattentive; or picture recognition test using 5 images shown twice; either method is validated for bedside use.

What is the prevalence of delirium in mechanically ventilated patients?

ICU delirium occurs in 60-80% of mechanically ventilated patients; associated with 3x increased 6-month mortality, longer MV duration, and 10x increased 1-year cognitive impairment; often missed without systematic screening.

What non-pharmacological interventions prevent ICU delirium?

ABCDEF bundle, early mobilization, sleep hygiene (noise reduction, light exposure), orientation (clocks, calendars, familiar faces), cognitive stimulation, hearing aids/glasses, and maintaining sleep-wake cycle.

Is haloperidol effective for ICU delirium?

Haloperidol does not reduce delirium duration or mortality in RCTs (MIND-USA, HOPE-ICU); used for agitation/distress symptom management; quetiapine may improve sleep quality; dexmedetomidine reduces delirium vs benzodiazepines.

CAM-ICU Delirium Assessment Tool

Applies the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) four-feature assessment to diagnose delirium in non-verbal mechanically ventilated patients, distinguishing hyperactive and hypoactive subtypes.

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CAM-ICU Delirium Assessment Tool

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the four CAM-ICU features?

How is inattention tested in CAM-ICU?

What is the prevalence of delirium in mechanically ventilated patients?

What non-pharmacological interventions prevent ICU delirium?

Is haloperidol effective for ICU delirium?