What ESS score indicates severe HHT?

ESS range 0-10; mild <4, moderate 4-7, severe ≥8; severe ESS is associated with need for blood transfusions and IV iron, and warrants systemic therapy (bevacizumab, thalidomide, or hormonal therapy).

What AVM screening is required in HHT?

Pulmonary AVM: contrast echocardiography/bubble echo in all HHT patients, then CT chest if positive (treat if feeding artery ≥3mm). Cerebral: MRI brain once. Hepatic: Doppler ultrasound.

What treatments reduce HHT epistaxis?

Local: nasal humidification, emollients; procedural: Nd:YAG laser coagulation, septal dermoplasty, Young closure; systemic: IV bevacizumab, oral tranexamic acid, thalidomide, or hormonal therapy in refractory cases.

What is the stroke risk from pulmonary AVM in HHT?

Paradoxical embolism through right-to-left shunt in pulmonary AVM causes stroke and brain abscess; PAVM ≥3mm feeding vessel carries ~1%/year stroke risk without treatment.

What are the Curacao criteria for HHT diagnosis?

Spontaneous recurrent epistaxis, multiple mucocutaneous telangiectasia, visceral AVM (pulmonary, cerebral, hepatic, GI), and first-degree relative with HHT; ≥3 criteria = definite, 2 = suspected.

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) Epistaxis Severity Score

Calculates the Epistaxis Severity Score (ESS) for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia to guide treatment intensity and assess iron deficiency anemia requiring IV iron or transfusion.

Use the full interactive calculator below, or

Related Calculators

Metabolic Syndrome Risk

Medical Calculators

A1AT Severity

Medical Calculators

Fabry Severity

Medical Calculators

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) Epistaxis Severity Score

Related Calculators

Frequently Asked Questions

What ESS score indicates severe HHT?

What AVM screening is required in HHT?

What treatments reduce HHT epistaxis?

What is the stroke risk from pulmonary AVM in HHT?

What are the Curacao criteria for HHT diagnosis?