What MRD level predicts relapse in AML?

MRD positivity (above 0.1% by multiparameter flow or molecular MRD above 10^-3 at end of induction) is strongly associated with relapse in AML. MRD-negative remission with qPCR-monitored NPM1 or CBFB-MYH11 below 1% IS is associated with 2-year RFS of 70–80%.

Is MRD assessment standard of care in ALL?

Yes. MRD by flow cytometry or PCR at end of induction and consolidation guides risk stratification and alloSCT decision in ALL. MRD negativity below 10^-4 at end of consolidation is associated with 5-year OS above 65% versus 30% for persistent MRD-positive ALL.

MRD-Negative Remission Threshold in Leukemia

Interpret MRD (minimal residual disease) negativity thresholds: below 0.01% (10^-4) by flow cytometry or below 10^-5 by PCR as optimal response benchmarks in AML and ALL.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What MRD level predicts relapse in AML?

Is MRD assessment standard of care in ALL?