What is tachypnea in children?

Tachypnea is defined as respiratory rate above the normal range for age: above 60 in newborns, above 50 at 2-12 months, above 40 at 1-5 years, above 30 at 5-12 years, and above 20 in adolescents. It may indicate respiratory distress, fever, or metabolic acidosis.

How should respiratory rate be measured in children?

Count respirations for a full 60 seconds (30 seconds x2 is less accurate). Count before disturbing the child as crying artificially increases the rate. Observe chest or abdominal movement.

What is periodic breathing in newborns?

Periodic breathing is a normal pattern in newborns with cycles of 10-15 seconds of regular breathing followed by pauses of 5-10 seconds. It is distinct from apnea (pauses >20 seconds) and typically resolves by 6 months.

Pediatric Respiratory Rate Norms

Reference normal respiratory rate by age: newborn 30-60, 6mo 25-40, 1yr 20-40, 3yr 20-30, 6yr 18-25, 10yr 15-20, 14yr 12-18 breaths/min.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is tachypnea in children?

How should respiratory rate be measured in children?

What is periodic breathing in newborns?