What PPV threshold predicts fluid responsiveness?

PPV >13% predicts fluid responsiveness with sensitivity and specificity around 88% in patients receiving controlled mechanical ventilation with tidal volumes ≥8 mL/kg ideal body weight.

When is PPV unreliable for predicting fluid responsiveness?

PPV is unreliable with spontaneous breathing, low tidal volumes, arrhythmias, right heart failure, and abdominal compartment syndrome — passive leg raise testing should be used instead in these situations.

PPV — Pulse Pressure Variation for Fluid Responsiveness

Calculate Pulse Pressure Variation (PPV = (PPmax − PPmin) / PPmean × 100) from arterial line waveform analysis to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients.

Use the full interactive calculator below, or

PPV — Pulse Pressure Variation for Fluid Responsiveness

Frequently Asked Questions

What PPV threshold predicts fluid responsiveness?

When is PPV unreliable for predicting fluid responsiveness?