What is energy availability (EA)?

EA = (dietary energy intake - exercise energy expenditure) / fat-free mass. It represents the energy available for physiological functions after accounting for exercise costs. Values below 30 kcal/kg FFM/day indicate low EA.

What is the optimal energy availability?

Optimal EA is ≥45 kcal/kg FFM/day for athletic populations. Values below 30 kcal/kg FFM/day impair hormonal function, bone health, metabolic rate, and immunity. Values between 30-45 are a gray zone.

Who is most at risk for low energy availability?

Aesthetic sport athletes (gymnastics, figure skating, ballet), endurance athletes (distance running, cycling), combat sport athletes cutting weight, and any athlete who significantly increases training without adjusting calorie intake.

Energy Availability for Athletes Calculator

Calculate energy availability (EA) as dietary energy minus exercise energy expenditure normalized to fat-free mass, identifying risk for relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S).

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is energy availability (EA)?

What is the optimal energy availability?

Who is most at risk for low energy availability?